The video of a young, Jewish man wearing a mask and wielding a large stick as he runs towards a woman is short and shocking.
Warning: This story contains a graphic account of assault.
The unprovoked attack, which took place in the village of Turmus'ayya in the occupied West Bank, was captured on video by US journalist Jasper Nathaniel from a car nearby.
He can be heard yelling: "Oh come on, don't f***ing hit her … hey, hey."
Then the settler clubs 53-year-old Palestinian woman, Afaf Abu Alia.
She falls to the ground and he beats her again with the stick.
He then chases after volunteers, who usually come out at harvest time to try and offer a layer of protection to the Palestinian olive farmers, clubbing one of them too.
The incident was part of a wider attack by settlers on olive farmers that day in Turmus'ayya.
Locals say a group of more than 12 young Israeli men threw stones at Palestinians working in the fields and set alight three cars.
The West Bank is regarded internationally as being illegally occupied by Israel, but settlers claim the land belongs to them.
And in the past two years, settler attacks on Palestinians in the West Bank have skyrocketed.
The situation is particularly acute during the olive harvest, which began this month.
There have been accounts of trees being chopped down, equipment damaged and farmers physically attacked.
Of 71 settler attacks documented by the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) in the week ending October 13, more than half were related to the harvest season.
One man was killed, 99 people were injured and 27 villages were impacted, according to OCHA.
The impact of the settler attacks
The attack has Khawla Za'atar and her workers watching their backs as they harvest olives near Turmus'ayya.
"The workers that are with us are scared, we can't work properly, they are looking around them to see if they [the settlers] are coming on their quad bikes," she says.
In case the settlers return, Ms Za'atar is loading the olives onto her ute as soon as they are harvested.
"We put the bags straight in the car right after we pick the olives," she says.
"So if there is any problem, we can go home quickly."
Turmus'ayya has seen many attacks before, with one of the worst incidents occurring in June 2023 when hundreds of settlers surged into town. Their rampage was captured on CCTV footage.
The violence was one of a number of attacks following the killing by Hamas gunmen of four settlers outside a settlement.
Israeli forces arrived and during the confrontation a young man was shot dead.
But the clubbing of a defenceless woman as she was picking olives has shocked the community.
"We were very upset about her, because she was an old lady," Khawla Za'atar said.
"This woman was not able to run away like the young men."
A statement from the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) says soldiers and the police had been dispatched to the scene after receiving reports of physical violence by Israeli civilians.
"Upon arrival of the forces, the confrontation was dispersed. Further processing of the incident was transferred to the Israel Police," it says.
Mr Nathaniel refutes the IDF's account of the incident and says they "never showed up to the attack at all, let alone dispersed it".
When the ABC contacted Israel's police to ask if any arrests had followed the widely reported and documented incident, they said the incident was "part of an ongoing investigation" and "would not elaborate any further".
The statement says the area was under IDF jurisdiction and that police "continues to operate in coordination with all security bodies, within its purview and in accordance with the law".
"Acts of violence against any individual are regarded with the utmost severity," the statement says.
Ms Abu Alia was taken to hospital with injuries to her head and body.
She was released on Thursday.
'They are getting ready for an attack'
Wadi' Alqam has experienced settler violence firsthand.
Two months ago his farmhouse near Turmus'ayya was subjected to an arson attack.
The living room of the property was torched and all the furniture destroyed.
"I used to have 18 very nice seats over there … and they were all melted," he said.
The attackers left messages spray-painted on the outside of the property.
"Revenge", "we will return", and "price tag" are scrawled in Hebrew on the stone walls in red paint.
"Price tag" is a term used by extreme settlers to indicate they see such actions as retaliation for a perceived injustice.
The attacks are often a reaction to Israeli authorities taking steps against radical settlers or Palestinian acts of violence.
Mr Alqam said the perpetrators came from a settlement outpost on a hill about 1.5 kilometres from his home.
He said he told the police who came to take a statement on the fire that they could likely find them there.
"I told it very simple," he says.
"You just go to that point, those are the people who burnt my house. Those are the people who cut thousands of olive trees."
But, he said, the police did nothing.
On the day we visit, Mr Alqam says the IDF has cut off access to some of his land, declaring it a military zone.
He says he currently cannot reach around two-thirds of his olive trees.
The harvest normally takes around a month, but because so much land is out of bounds, this year it will take him only about 10 days to reap what he can access.
"The army and the settler both have the same purpose, not to let the farmer reach their land."
After we leave Mr Alqam spots a group of settlers on the dirt track in the distance.
On a shaky video he sends the ABC, a group of men dressed in black can be seen converging near a car and quad bike.
"They are getting ready for an attack," he tells his workers.
"Don't just stand and stare! Get to it."
His words are a warning that they should pack up and leave.
Settlement expansion on the horizon
About half a million Israeli settlers live in about 140 settlements and several hundred outposts in the West Bank, with a further 200,000 in East Jerusalem.
Although widely considered illegal under international law, successive Israeli governments have allowed their expansion, and the current right-wing administration is approving more and more of them.
In May this year, the ultranationalist Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, a settler himself, confirmed the approval of more than 20 new settlements across the West Bank.
This week, the Knesset moved further towards full annexation of the West Bank, with a preliminary vote to extend Israeli sovereignty.
Yisrael Medad, as "in the right direction".
"I suspect we'll have to wait a little bit longer for anything to go on, but it's a statement, and I think it shows the world we're very determined to stay," he said.
Mr Medad says the ultimate goal is "full sovereignty" in the West Bank, which he considers Jewish land.
He has no time for declarations from countries, including Australia, in support of Palestinian statehood.
"Every country can be as foolish and wrong as it wants to be," he says.
The timing of the Knesset vote, brought on by the opposition, came as an embarrassment to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who was hosting United States Vice-President JD Vance.
A statement from his office said the vote was "a deliberate political provocation", and stressed that the principal members of the coalition did not support the move, "except for one disgruntled Likud member".
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, who was also about to head to Israel, condemned the vote, saying annexation moves were "potentially threatening for the peace deal".
"The president's made clear that's not something we'd be supportive of right now," he says.
At his farmhouse in Turmus'ayya, which has strong connections to the US, Wadi Alqam is not holding his breath for American support.
Like many in the town, he holds an American passport, but he doesn't think it means very much for his current situation.
"If you live as American citizen, if you live all over the world, they protect you," he said.
"The only place they don't protect you is Israel."
He says he has no hope the peace plan brokered by US President Donald Trump will succeed.
"No, because they [the Israelis] don't want peace," he says.
"They want the land. They want to pick us from our homes, from our village, from our city."
