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2 May 2024 19:17
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  •   Home > News > International

    In Russia, race hate takes hold after Islamic State's Crocus City Hall terror attack

    Russian authorities launch a crackdown on immigrants in the wake of the county's deadliest terror attack in a decade, as posts on social media point to an increase in racial tension and attacks.


    One of the men has his face covered, but the other doesn't seem worried. In fact, he has a wide smile on his face as he proclaims: "Russia is for Russians."

    Then he gives a Nazi salute, praises a dead far-right blogger, and tells the woman filming his diatribe to "go home".

    No-one in the busy metro station does anything during the verbal attack, which has since gone viral on social media.

    Anecdotal evidence suggests incidents like this are becoming more common in the wake of last month's Crocus City Hall attack near Moscow, in which several Islamic State militants killed 144 people and injured hundreds more.

    The official response to Russia's most deadly terror event in a decade has also been swift, with courts deporting foreigners, and police raiding businesses and accommodation providers associated with migrants.

    Four men from Tajikistan, in Central Asia, were arrested over the slaughter, which has poured petrol on a racial fire already burning inside Russia for decades.

    The woman who was harassed in the metro station video hails from the country's far eastern Sakha region, where the indigenous population have Asian features, rather than the Slavic appearance more commonly seen in Russia's capital.

    Johnny* has been steering clear of places like busy train platforms since the Islamic State attack on March 22, but he's worried about racism, not terrorism.

    The Tajik man has been living in Moscow since late last year and says he has been targeted several times in the fortnight since the attack.

    He was staying with a friend on the city's outskirts when IS launched its assault, and got a taxi back to his home the next day to avoid public transport.

    He said police stopped their car twice during the journey, and detained both he and the driver the second time, although they were both eventually released.

    "After this [terror] attack, people are paying extra attention, specifically to Tajiks," Johnny said.

    "You can see it in their eyes. Wherever you go if you say you're Tajik, that's it, you're finished.

    "They're going to pour all the filth out on you [verbally]. And I've already experienced it myself. I don't even want to say those words."

    Russian President Vladimir Putin has toughened his rhetoric on immigration in the wake of the Crocus City Hall attack.

    But the country is also tightening its rules.

    Last week, interior ministry spokeswoman Irina Volk said new laws had been drafted to increase immigration controls, including requiring the fingerprinting and photographing of all foreigners entering the country, and new limits to the length of time they can stay.

    In a post on the encrypted messaging service Telegram, Ms Volk announced the laws would help in "strengthening controls over employers of customers of work or services that attract foreign labour" and see increased "restriction of the rights of illegal migrants".

    The state-run news service RT subsequently reported Mr Putin had held a meeting with officials from the interior ministry, in which he told them to "pay special attention to such priorities as ensuring public order, combating extremism, and suppressing illegal migration".

    In October last year, Mr Putin confirmed Russia's exit from a global treaty designed to preserve the rights of minority groups, including indigenous peoples — the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities.

    Russia's cities — with their comparatively higher wages and increased job opportunities — can draw migrants from republics that formerly made up the Soviet Union, like Tajikistan.

    And over the past two years, as hundreds of thousands of Russia's fighting-age males have been sent to Ukraine, demand for them has shot up.

    In the weeks since the Crocus City Hall attack, Russian authorities have embarked on a crackdown by raiding businesses and dormitories linked to migrants.

    On top of legal migration, in June 2021, Russia's deputy interior minister Alexander Gorovoy said there were more than 1 million "illegal" immigrants living in the country from former Soviet states.

    Johnny — who is living in Russia legally — says police officers have taken a particular interest in him because his passport is being held by the embassy, while his visa application is processed.

    The fact he's got temporary documentation to prove his status doesn't always smooth things over.

    Johnny says the police came to the dormitory he's been living in to check the residents' documents — an audit he was absent for.

    "I was at a friend's house, I couldn't come," he said. "The next day I came home, and the police came back and took me back to the police station to check the databases and if I was legally living in Russia," he says.

    The country's courts have been busy deporting people too. Daria Lebedeva, a judicial spokeswoman in St Petersburg, announced on Telegram that more than 400 foreign citizens had been "expelled" from her region alone in the week after the Crocus City Hall attack.

    Vavara — who did not disclose her surname because she's concerned for her safety — owns an apartment in Novosibirsk, a city in southern Siberia, which she has rented to tenants from Uzbekistan for several years.

    She says she's never had any problems with her tenants.

    "Now [after the terrorist attack], people, apparently, have completely lost their minds because the house manager sent me a message from one of the neighbours, who lives in the building, saying she was outraged that non-Russian people live there," Vavara said.

    She said the neighbour threatened to call the police.

    "It's horrible. I'm actually really scared for people who stay in Russia," Vavara said.

    "Because first of all, these vigilante citizens are xenophobic, but they don't even know any nationalities; Uzbeks, Tajiks, Turkmens, they think it's all the same thing. And this level of suspicion Russians have, it's very dangerous for [foreign] people."

    A 2021 report by Amnesty International — well before the Crocus City Hall attack — said "violent racism" was "out of control" in the country.

    "Racist attacks and killings of foreigners and ethnic minorities are reported with shocking regularity in Russia and, disturbingly, their frequency seems to be increasing," it said.

    The Amnesty International report outlined how anyone who didn't look Slavic was at particular risk, but that: "Even ethnic Russians who are seen as sympathising with foreigners or ethnic minority groups, for example, fans of rap or reggae music, members of other youth sub-cultures, and campaigners against racism, have also been targeted as they are perceived as 'unpatriotic' or 'traitors'."

    Things appear even more charged now.

    Screenshots of conversations from ride-share apps posted to social media show potential passengers asking drivers to cancel their bookings if they're from Tajikistan.

    In another video, posted to Telegram, a girl films herself inside a parked car while her parents go shopping. She said there were too many foreigners inside the supermarket.

    "I told them 'I'm sorry I'm not getting into this building, I'll wait in the car just in case'," she says, before going on to make a racial slur, and later insisting: "I'm too scared to get out."

    Nothing surprises Vavara anymore.

    "Even before this year neighbours were blaming our tenants sometimes, no matter what happened," she said.

    "For example, once the heating in the entire building was literally cut off. And people would say that it is because those non-Russians were doing something in the apartment."

    *Not his real name


    ABC




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